Class 10th History PDF Notes Download - JKBOSE NOTES
JKBOSE Class 10th History PDF Notes
Unit 1 - The Rise of Nationalism in Europe
Unit 2 - Nationalism in India
Unit 3 - The Making of a Global World
Unit 4 - The Age of Industrialization
Unit 5 - The Age of Industrialization
Unit 6 - Post Independence Era: Jammu and Kashmir on the path of Modernisation
8TH 9TH 10TH 11TH 12TH
Unit 1 - The Rise of Nationalism in Europe
Learning Objectives
- Understand the causes and consequences of the French Revolution and its impact on the formation of the nation state.
- Analyze the emergence of nationalism movements in Europe and their role in shaping the continent's political landscape.
- Study the major revolutions of the 1830s and 1840s and their impact on the formation of nation-states.
- Examine the process of nation-building in Germany and Italy and the role of key figures in their unification.
- Explore the role of visual media in shaping national identity and the representation of the nation.
- Analyze the relationship between nationalism and imperialistic ideologies in the 19th century and their impact on global politics.
Unit 2 - Nationalism in India
Learning Objectives
- Understand the impact of the First World War on the Khilafat and Non-Cooperation movements in India.
- Analyze the different ideologies and goals within the Non-Cooperation movement.
- Evaluate the progression of the movement towards civil disobedience.
- Appreciate the sense of collective belonging among Indian citizens during the Non-Cooperation movement.
Unit 3 - The Making of a Global World
Learning Objectives
- Understand the characteristics and key events of the pre-modern world
- Analyze the political, economic and social developments of the Nineteenth Century (1815-1914)
- Examine the economic impact of World War I on the interwar period
- Evaluate the efforts and challenges in rebuilding a world economy in the post-war era
Unit 4 - The Age of Industrialization
Learning Objectives
- Understand the pre-Industrial Revolution economy and how it relied on hand labour.
- Analyze the impact of steam power on the Industrial Revolution.
- Examine the process of industrialization in colonial societies.
- Study the rise of factories and their role in the Industrial Revolution.
- Investigate the unique characteristics and patterns of industrial growth.
- Explore the market for goods during the Industrial Revolution and its effects on the economy.
Unit 5 - The Age of Industrialization
Learning Objectives
- Analyze the impact of steam power on the Industrial Revolution.
- Examine the process of industrialization in colonial societies.
- Study the rise of factories and their role in the Industrial Revolution.
- Investigate the unique characteristics and patterns of industrial growth.
- Explore the market for goods during the Industrial Revolution and its effects on the economy.
Unit 6 - Post Independence Era: Jammu and Kashmir on the path of Modernisation
Learning Objectives
- Understand the principles and goals outlined in the Naya Kashmir Manifesto.
- Analyze the economic and social reform measures proposed.
- Evaluate the plans for agricultural and infrastructural development.
- Study the role of cooperatives in shaping the region's economy.
- Examine the initiatives aimed at creating new opportunities for women.
- Assess the availability and accessibility of health care facilities.
- Understand the cultural policies proposed and their potential impact
Important Questions of JKBOSE Class 10th History Subject
Q.1 Why growth of nationalism in the colonies is linked to anti-colonial movement?
Ans: The Rowlatt Act also known as the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919. It was a legislation passed by the British government in India that greatly expanded the powers of the government to arrest and detain individuals suspected of revolutionary activities. This legislation was met with widespread outrage and protests among Indians as it was seen as a blatant violation of civil liberties and an infringement on the rights of the Indian people.
One of the main reasons why Indians were outraged by the Rowlatt Act was that it gave the government unprecedented powers to arrest and detain individuals without trial. Under the act the government could arrest and detain individuals for up to two years without any form of legal proceedings. This was seen as a gross violation of the right to a fair trial and many Indians felt that the act was being used as a tool for the government to silence and suppress political dissent.
Another reason why Indians were outraged by the Rowlatt Act was that it was seen as a direct attack on the civil liberties of the Indian people. The act gave the government the power to arrest and detain individuals without any evidence of wrongdoing and it also allowed the government to censor the press and suppress freedom of speech. This was seen as a direct attack on the principles of democracy and freedom and many Indians felt that the act was an attempt by the British government to control and manipulate the Indian people.
The Rowlatt Act also sparked widespread protests and demonstrations across India with many Indians taking to the streets to protest against the legislation. The most notable of these protests was the Jallianwala Bagh massacre where British soldiers opened fire on a peaceful gathering of Indians, killing hundreds of unarmed civilians. This tragic event further fueled the anger and outrage of the Indian people, and it served as a catalyst for the Indian independence movement.
Q.2 Why Indians were outraged by the Rowlatt Act?
Ans: The Rowlatt Act also known as the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act was passed by the British government in India in 1919. The act was designed to give the British government greater powers to suppress political unrest and rebellion in India. It allowed for the indefinite detention of individuals without trial and gave the police the power to search and arrest without a warrant.
The act was met with widespread outrage and condemnation by the Indian population who saw it as a blatant violation of their civil liberties and human rights. Many Indians saw the act as an attempt by the British government to silence political opposition and suppress the growing movement for Indian independence.
One of the main reasons for the widespread outrage was that the act was passed without any consultation or input from Indian leaders or representatives. This was seen as a clear indication of the British government's disregard for Indian opinions and interests.
Another major reason for the outrage was that the act was seen as a direct attack on the Indian freedom struggle. Many Indians believed that the act was intended to crush the growing movement for independence and quell any dissent against British rule. This perception was further fueled by the fact that the act was passed in the wake of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in which British troops killed hundreds of unarmed Indian civilians who were protesting against British rule.
The Rowlatt Act also had a significant impact on the Indian economy. The act allowed the British government to seize the property of anyone suspected of being involved in revolutionary activities which led to many Indians losing their homes and businesses. This further fueled the anger and resentment towards the British government.
Q.3 Why Gandhi ji decided to withdraw the non-cooperation movement?
Ans: Satyagraha is a term coined by Mahatma Gandhi that is a form of non-violent resistance or civil disobedience. The term itself means "holding onto truth" or "truth force". The idea behind Satyagraha is that individuals or groups can effect change through peaceful means by refusing to cooperate with unjust laws or policies.
The principles of Satyagraha include non-violence, non-cooperation and non-retaliation. This means that individuals or groups participating in Satyagraha do not use violence to achieve their goals do not cooperate with unjust laws or policies and do not retaliate when faced with violence or aggression. Instead they use peaceful means such as protests, marches and boycotts to bring attention to their cause and to pressure those in power to make changes.
The concept of Satyagraha is rooted in the belief that truth and justice will ultimately prevail. Gandhi believed that individuals who are acting in accordance with truth and justice will have a moral force behind them that will ultimately bring about change. He also believed that the use of violence only perpetuates a cycle of violence and that non-violence is a more powerful and effective means of achieving change.
Satyagraha was used by Gandhi and others during the Indian independence movement to fight against British colonial rule. It was also used in the Civil Rights Movement in the United States and in many other social and political movements throughout history.
Q.4 Explain Simon commission?
Ans: The Simon Commission was a British government commission that was established in 1927 to examine the constitutional reforms in British India. The commission was headed by Sir John Simon who was a British politician and jurist. The commission was set up to review the constitutional arrangements in India and to make recommendations for future constitutional reforms.
The commission was established at a time when there was growing discontent among Indian political leaders and the general public regarding the constitutional arrangements in British India. Many Indian leaders felt that the British government was not giving them enough representation and power in the government and that they were being treated as second-class citizens. They also felt that the British government was not doing enough to address the economic and social issues facing the country.
The Simon Commission was composed of seven members all of whom were British politicians. The commission was tasked with examining the constitutional arrangements in British India and making recommendations for future constitutional reforms. The commission was given a mandate to review the Indian Constitution, the government's administration and the political and economic situation in the country.
The commission began its work in 1927 and visited various parts of British India to gather information and opinions from Indian leaders and the general public. The commission also held public meetings and hearings to gather information and feedback from Indian leaders and the general public.
The Simon Commission faced strong opposition from Indian political leaders and the general public. Many Indian leaders felt that the commission was a British attempt to impose their own views and policies on India without taking into account the views and opinions of the Indian people. They also felt that the commission was not representative of the Indian population and that it was not qualified to make recommendations for constitutional reforms in India.
The commission's report was released in 1930 and it made a number of recommendations for constitutional reforms in British India. The recommendations included the establishment of a federal government, the separation of executive and legislative powers and the establishment of a bicameral legislature. However the recommendations were not accepted by Indian leaders and the general public and were seen as a continuation of British control over India.