JKBOSE Class 12th Environmental Science Notes
JKBOSE Class 12th Environmental Science Study Material Notes
JKBOSE Class 12th Environmental Science Unitwise Notes
- Introduction to air pollution: sources, types and effects
- Air quality monitoring and assessment
- Major air pollutants and their impacts
- Regulatory measures and control strategies for air pollution
- Noise pollution: sources, effects and control measures
- Case studies and real-world examples
- Introduction to water pollution: sources, types and impacts
- Water quality monitoring and assessment
- Major water pollutants and their effects on ecosystems and human health
- Wastewater treatment methods and technologies
- Water pollution control and management approaches
- Case studies and real-world examples
- Causes and consequences of soil degradation
- Soil erosion and its impact on agriculture and ecosystems
- Soil pollution: sources, contaminants and effects
- Soil conservation techniques and sustainable land management practices
- Soil remediation and restoration methods
- Case studies and real-world examples
- Introduction to solid waste management: types, composition and generation rates
- Waste collection, transportation and disposal methods
- Recycling and waste reduction strategies
- Hazardous waste identification and classification
- Treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous waste
- Case studies and real-world examples
- Importance of biodiversity and its role in ecosystem functioning
- Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, invasive species, pollution, climate change etc.
- Conservation strategies: protected areas, biodiversity hotspots and wildlife management
- Sustainable use of biodiversity resources
- Ecosystem restoration and conservation planning
- Case studies and real-world examples
- Climate change: causes, impacts and mitigation strategies
- Ozone depletion and the Montreal Protocol
- Deforestation and its consequences
- Loss of biodiversity and its implications
- Sustainable development and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
- International agreements and protocols on environmental issues
- Case studies and real-world examples
- Environmental management systems and frameworks
- Environmental impact assessment and environmental auditing
- Corporate social responsibility and sustainability reporting
- Environmental legislation and regulations at local, national and international levels
- Role of government agencies and non-governmental organizations in environmental management
- Case studies and real-world examples
JKBOSE Class 12th All Subject Notes
JKBOSE Class 12th Environmental Science Important Textual Questions
What are the main sources of air pollution?
Answer: The main sources of air pollution include industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, burning of fossil fuels, agricultural activities and aerosol sprays.
How does air pollution impact human health?
Answer: Air pollution can cause respiratory problems, cardiovascular diseases, allergies and other health issues. It can also lead to reduced lung function, premature deaths and increased risk of lung cancer.
How does water pollution affect aquatic ecosystems?
Answer: Water pollution can harm aquatic ecosystems by depleting oxygen levels, causing habitat destruction, killing aquatic organisms, disrupting food chains and promoting the growth of harmful algal blooms.
How can solid waste be managed effectively?
Solid waste can be managed effectively through waste reduction, recycling, composting, waste-to-energy conversion and proper landfill management.
What are the main causes of climate change?
Answer: The main causes of climate change are the excessive greenhouse gas emissions resulting from human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and industrial processes.